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Motorino's Hub Motor and Controller System
THE MOTOR
Our MOTORINO™ motors can outperform standard
brushless hub or brushless geared motors. Wider
and thicker magnets are driven by custom windings
to produce 35% more torque than other 500Watt
and 750Watt Light Electric Vehicle (LEV) motors. Those windings are sequenced
by our new Continuous Current Transmission (CCT) controller- a durable governor
which applies torque 
and speed when necessary,
while conserving battery reserves when possible.
Satisfying both Canadian and American regulations
for power-assisted bicycle motors, our MOTORINO
DC Brushless Hub motors can climb steeper and
longer hills while carrying heavier loads than
any competitor’s bike at the same continuous
power.
CCT™ Motors and Controllers are used
on the XP series scooters: XPa, XPc, XPd, XPh, XPn, XPr, XPs, and XPv.
THE CCT GEARS
The CCT (Continuous Current Transmission) controller has three electronic gears;
each presets a maximum speed for the bike. The
controller provides power at different frequencies
for each gear. To increase torque it provides
impulses to the rotor for longer periods at
the same current instead of increasing the current
over a short period of time, as in a single
speed motor. In other words the CCT allows maintaining
optimum power either on high speed or high torque
by dynamically changing the motor duty cycle
while keep the current constant. This is why
we call the system a 
Continuous Current Transmission.
We increase the torque or the speed thanks to
the improved efficiency of the CCT. The rider
can change between these three gears on the
fly.
We have noticed that many manufacturers recently
started offering "Three Gears"
switches. From the testing performed we found
that the three stage switch just provides three
different levels of current to the motor. This
increases the torque at the expense of the higher
input power, consuming the battery much faster
and increasing the pressure to the motor and
controller.
THE EVOLUTION
OF OUR DRIVING SYSTEM
Most full-size e-scooters currently on the
market are equipped with Brushless DC (BLDC)
hub motors. In order to be driven without
license or insurance these motors are limited
to 500W in Canada and 750W in the USA. This
wattage, hampered by low efficiency, can make
for ‘gutless’ performance; emphasizing
its designation as a power ‘assisted’
bicycle motor when the rider attempts any
significant hill.
Endeavoring to
create a more reliable, more powerful motor GREENWIT
TECHNOLOGIES Inc. introduced their new
CCT (Continuous Current Transmission) driving
system early in 2008 after several years of
development. The CCT’s function is similar
to the transmission in a regular drive train;
only instead of teeth and pinions, the CCT
uses transistors and logic gates. The CCT
allows the rider control torque while maintaining
the current drawn and consequently maintaining
motor efficiency. By allowing the rider to
control torque and speed independently we
have greatly increased efficiency- high torque
is not always necessary, but high speed is
always appreciated.
When you climb a hill with a regular one-speed
hub or geared motor, as the road speed decreases
below the motors ideal operating speed the
controller will compensate by providing higher
current to the motor. This will lower the
motor’s efficiency by utilizing lower
amount of the input power and wasting the
rest as detrimental heat - it will also drain
the battery more. Rather than increasing current
to maintain ideal ground speed, the CCT can
simply shift gears to operate at a lower ideal
ground speed by energizing different sequences
of stator windings at different frequencies.
The same current continues to flow into the
motor but it is sent to energize fewer windings
for longer intervals, increasing torque.
By adjusting the winding sequence and frequency
on the fly the CCT driving system can provide
higher torque during acceleration and climbs,
while preserving a high top speed. Once at
speed the momentum of the bike may be enough
to carry it up a modest hill without switching
gears. On larger hills the rider can wait
until the bike begins to slow before switching
seamlessly to high torque mode and continuing
the climb. While riding downhill the bike
can convert its own inertia into current to
replenish its batteries by using a highly
efficient regenerative braking system. The
much larger magnets and unique winding patterns
in our motor produce enough stopping power
so that the mechanical brakes are nearly made
redundant.
The most impressive feature of our latest
driving system is its reliability. Our driving
system is completely solid state; the spinning
tire and its bearings are the only moving
components. The motor and controller are well
sealed and resistant to corrosion and can
carry a rider for several thousand kilometers
without servicing. Substantially larger magnets,
combined with unique cross winding and Continuous
Current Controller produce up to 66Nm of torque-
enough to propel an 170lb rider up hills over
20 degrees! Although our driving system qualifies
as a 'power-assisted bicycle',
its world beating performance could best be
described simply as a powered bicycle.
Greenwit is in process of patenting the CCT technology.